accounting

Bookkeeping Basics for Small Business

Learn the fundamentals of bookkeeping including journal entries, ledger posting, and trial balance preparation.

GetYourCA Team
1 February 2025·Updated 9 April 20261 min read12.5K views

Bookkeeping Basics for Small Business

What is Bookkeeping?#

Bookkeeping is the systematic recording of financial transactions.

Basic Accounting Terms#

Assets#

Resources owned by business (cash, inventory, equipment)

Liabilities#

Amounts owed (loans, creditors)

Capital#

Owner's investment in business

Revenue#

Income from business operations

Expenses#

Costs incurred in business

Recording Transactions#

Journal Entry Format#

DateParticularsDebitCredit
1-JanCash A/c50,000
To Capital A/c50,000

Rules of Debit & Credit#

  • Increase in assets: Debit
  • Increase in liabilities: Credit
  • Increase in revenue: Credit
  • Increase in expenses: Debit

Books of Accounts#

  1. Cash Book
  2. Journal
  3. Ledger
  4. Trial Balance
  5. Final Accounts

Conclusion#

Proper bookkeeping is the foundation of financial management.

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Before making any tax-related decisions, we strongly recommend consulting with a qualified Chartered Accountant or tax professional who can assess your specific situation. We do not accept any liability for decisions made based on this information.

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